The information here; It covers basic information on computer and operating structures, connection units and internet environment.
Computer Basics
Most of us know the concept of computer, but it will still be useful to remind you by going over the concepts in the form of short questions and answers.
First what is a computer? Let’s take a brief look at it together.
A computer is a device that works according to a software that is previously loaded in the system memory, that is, an operating system, that consists of one or more complex operations at the same time, and that produces and processes information by completing many tasks in a very short time and quickly. Currently, computer types and features Let’s learn about.
What are Computer Types and Features?
We can express the types of computers as follows.
⦁ Hosts; We can list them as Server Computers in Turkish and Server Computers in English, as high-equipped computers that can serve the computers connected to it in terms of hardware and capacity.
⦁ Mini computers; In our language, they are computers, which are also expressed as Netbooks in English.
⦁ Network computers; They are computers that are used to connect with the main systems and have a lower capacity than a normal computer in terms of hardware.
⦁ Personal computers; They are desktop computers, which are also expressed as English Desktop in our language.
⦁ Notebooks; In our language, they are computers that are also expressed as Laptop and Notebook in English.
⦁ Tablet PCs; They are computers that have an integrated display circuit and battery and can be used mobile.
⦁ Gaming computers; They are computers designed for playing games, which are also expressed in English as Gaming Computer in our language. As a feature, while there is an obligation to use a mouse on desktop computers, laptop computers have a built-in mouse. Mobile phones and tablets do not have a mouse. All operations can be done by touch on the screen . Even these smartphones and tablets, which do not have keyboards, use their own keyboards on the screen. By using these keyboards, we will be able to remotely control the devices on which our robotic coding applications are installed, with mobile applications.
In this section, after getting to know computers, it will be useful to briefly explain the working logic of computers, thinking that it will be useful to understand.
HOW DO COMPUTERS WORK?
Before understanding how computers work, it will be useful to examine the hardware and software tools of the computer.
IF WE LOOK AT THE HARDWARE PART OF THE COMPUTER, We can express all the physical parts that make up the computer as the hardware elements that make up the computer. Computer hardware is an integral part of computers. As an example, we can give monitor, keyboard, hard disk, processor, flash disk, speaker and computer case as examples of computer hardware. Thanks to these hardware, we can use computers in the most efficient way today. Now computers are indispensable.
LET’S LOOK AT THE SOFTWARE PART TOGETHER
software; We can express it as a set of command programs that are used to communicate to computers how and in what way a certain job is to be done, with programmatic codes that are integrated with the computer and loaded on electronic devices.
For example; In situations such as drawing pictures and playing music files on the computer; It is the task of the software to teach computers how to do these operations in advance. Applications must be installed on the computer so that the commands given to the computer can be carried out. As examples of software, we can give Ms Word, Excel, Powerpoint, Media Player, Paint, Notepad, Photoshop, Internet Web Interface Programs developed by microsoft. Web browsers are internet browsers that connect us to the internet and enable us to browse the internet when it is desired to connect to the internet system. Examples of these; We can give it as internet browsers such as Chrome, Internet Explorer, Google, FireFox, Yandex, Safari. There are many more browsers, but here we have seen the most used ones on the internet. In order to be able to code in our future lessons, we will need these internet web browsers when connecting to the internet. In addition to this information, computers also have input and output units. Let’s talk about these briefly;
COMPUTER INPUT UNITS
They are hardware elements that direct what the computer will do and provide commands to the computer. Examples of these elements are keyboard, mouse, microphone, camera. Some of the hardware currently available in computers is displayed on the screen.
COMPUTER OUTPUT UNITS
We can express it as the common name of the hardware that enables the information generated as a result of the operations performed on the computer to be displayed to the user. As an example of these; We can provide monitors, printers, speakers, cameras, headphones and projectors.
